bit·ter

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【释义】：

a．❶ 苦(味)的：bitter tincture苦味药酒．Beer is bitter．啤酒带苦味．❷ 厉害的，痛苦的，辛酸的：a bitter attack猛烈的攻击．bitter cold严寒．bitter tears辛酸泪．recall the bitter past and think of today’s happiness忆苦思甜．The bitter lesson won in blood should never be for gotten．用鲜血换来的沉痛教训，不应忘记．❸ 怀恨的，抱怨的：bitter words怨言．a bitter enemy冤家，大敌．be bitter against激烈反对．❹ 讽刺的：a bitter remark刻薄话，恶毒话．bitterly ad．bitterness n．

－n．苦味(物)，苦味药，苦啤酒．