A | | |
| abnormal hemoglobin 异常血红蛋白 | | |
| ABO blood group system ABO血型系统 | | |
| abortive transduction 流产转导 | | |
| acatalasia 无过氧化氢酶 | | |
| acentric ring 无着丝粒环 | | |
| acetylation 乙酰化 | | |
| acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶 | | |
| Acinetobacter cacoaceticus 一种不动细菌 | | |
| acrocentric chromosome 近端着丝粒染色体 | | |
| adaptation 适应 | | |
| adaptive value 适应值 | | |
| adaptor 接头 | | |
| addition of a tail 添尾 | | |
| adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶 | | |
| adenylate kinase 腺苷酸激酶 | | |
| agonadia 无性腺症 | | |
| agarose 琼脂糖 | | |
| Agrobacterium tumerfaciens 根癌土壤杆菌 | | |
| albumin 白蛋白 | | |
| alcapotonuria 尿黑酸尿症 | | |
| alcohol dehydrogenase 乙醇脱氢酶 | | |
| allele 等位基因 | | |
| allelic exclusion 等位基因排斥 | | |
| allocycly 周期异常 | | |
| allosteric protein 变构蛋白 | | |
| allotype 同种异型 | | |
| δ-aminclevulinic acid δ-氨基乙酰丙酸,氨基酮戊酸 | | |
| amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺 | | |
| amplification 扩增 | | |
| anaphase 后期 | | |
| aneuploid 非整倍体 | | |
| annealing 退火 | | |
| antibody deficiency 抗体缺乏 | | |
| anticipation 提前发病 | | |
| antigenic determinant 抗原决定簇 | | |
| antigenic factor 抗原因子 | | |
| antihemophilic globulin 抗血友病球蛋白 | | |
| α1-anti-trysin α1-抗胰蛋白酶 | | |
| assignment test 定位法 | | |
| aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase 芳香烃类羟化酶 | | |
| aster 星射线 | | |
| ataxia telangiectasia 共济失调毛细管扩张症,毛细管扩张性运动失调 | | |
| attenuator 弱化子 | | |
| atypical pseudocholinesterase 非典型伪胆碱酯酶 | | |
| autoradiography 放射自显影 | | |
| autosomal dominant inheritance 常染色体显性遗传 | | |
| autosomal inheritance 常染色体遗传 | | |
| autosomal recessive inheritance 常染色体隐性遗传 | | |
| autosome 常染色体 | | |
| auxotroph 营养缺陷型 | | |
| axis of rotational symmetry 旋转对称轴 | | |
B | | |
| bacterial conjugation 细菌接合 | | |
| bacteriocinogenic factor 产细菌素因子 | | |
| bacteriophage 噬菌体 | | |
| balanced polymorphism 平衡多态 | | |
| banding pattern 带型 | | |
| Barr body 巴氏小体 | | |
| base substitution 碱基替代 | | |
| basic number 基本数目,基数 | | |
| behavior science 行为科学 | | |
| behavioral genetics 行为遗传学 | | |
| biochemical cytogenetics 生化细胞遗传学 | | |
| biochemical genetics 生化遗传学 | | |
| biological dosimeter 生物剂量仪 | | |
| biometrical genetics 生统遗传学 | | |
| birth defects 出生缺陷 | | |
| biophore 生原体 | | |
| bivalent 二价体 | | |
| blunt end 平整末端 | | |
| blunt ligation 平接 | | |
| Bombay phenotype 孟买表型 | | |
| bouquet 花束 | | |
| break-first hypothesis 断裂第一假说 | | |
| 5-bromodeoxyuridine 5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷 | | |
C | | |
| C-banding C-显带 | | |
| capping 加帽 | | |
| carbonic anhydrase 碳酸酐酶 | | |
| carrier 携带者 | | |
| casein 酪蛋白 | | |
| catabolite activation protein 降解物激活蛋白 | | |
| Cd-banding Cd-显带 | | |
| cell cycle 细胞周期 | | |
| cell culture 细胞培养 | | |
| cell fusion 细胞融合 | | |
| cell transformation 细胞转化 | | |
| central dogma 中心法则 | | |
| centric ring 着丝粒环 | | |
| centric fusions 着丝粒融合 | | |
| centriole 中心粒 | | |
| centromere 着丝粒 | | |
| centromeric dot 着丝粒点 | | |
| ceruloplasmin 血浆铜蓝蛋白 | | |
| character 性状 | | |
| chemodectoma 化学感受器瘤 | | |
| chiasma 交叉 | | |
| chimera 异源嵌合体 | | |
| chimeric DNA 异源嵌合DNA | | |
| Chlamydomonas reinhardi 莱因哈德衣藻 | | |
| chromatid 染色单体 | | |
| chromatid break 染色单体断裂 | | |
| chromatid deletion 染色单体缺失 | | |
| chromatid exchange 染色单体交换 | | |
| chromatid gap 染色单体裂隙 | | |
| chromatid inversion 染色单体倒位 | | |
| chromatin 染色质 | | |
| chromatin fiber 染色质丝 | | |
| chromocenter 染色中心 | | |
| chromomere 染色粒 | | |
| chromonema 染色线 | | |
| chromosome 染色体 | | |
| chromosome aberration 染色体畸变 | | |
| chromosome arm 染色体臂 | | |
| chromosome band 染色体带 | | |
| chromosome banding 染色体显带 | | |
| chromosome break 染色体断裂 | | |
| chromosome breakage syndrome 染色体断裂综合征 | | |
| chromosome bridge 染色体桥 | | |
| chromosome fragility syndrome 染色体脆性综合征 | | |
| chromosome gap 染色体裂隙 | | |
| chromosome instability syndrome 染色体不稳定综合征 | | |
| chromosome loss 染色体遗失 | | |
| chromosome map 染色体图 | | |
| chromosome numerical aberration 染色体数目畸变 | | |
| chromosome polymorphism 染色体多态 | | |
| chronic granulomatous disease 慢性肉芽肿病 | | |
| cis-trans test 顺反试验 | | |
| cistron 作用子,顺反子 | | |
| clinical cytogenetics 临床细胞遗传学 | | |
| clone 克隆 | | |
| coding 编码 | | |
| coding sequence 编码顺序 | | |
| codominance 共显性 | | |
| codon 密码子 | | |
| cohesive end 粘性末端 | | |
| cohesive ligation 黏接 | | |
| colicin 大肠杆菌素 | | |
| colineality 线形对应,共线性 | | |
| colony hybridization 菌落杂交 | | |
| competence 感受态 | | |
| competent recipient cell 感受态受体细胞 | | |
| complement deficiency 补体缺乏 | | |
| complementation test 补偿试验 | | |
| complete antibody 完全抗体 | | |
| complete dominance 完全显性 | | |
| complete linkage 完全连锁 | | |
| complete transduction 完全转导 | | |
| complex 复合体 | | |
| conditioned dominance 条件显性 | | |
| congenital hypogammaglobulinemia 先天性低丙种球蛋白血症 | | |
| congenital sucrose intolerance 先天性蔗糖不耐受症 | | |
| consanguineous mating 近亲婚配 | | |
| constant region 稳定区 | | |
| constitutive hetetochromatin 专性异染色质 | | |
| constitutive type 组成型 | | |
| control gene 控制基因 | | |
| copy insertion 拷贝插入 | | |
| cos site 粘合部位 | | |
| cosmid 粘性质粒 | | |
| cotransformation 共转化 | | |
| cousin marriage 表亲结婚 | | |
| criss-cross inheritance 交叉遗传 | | |
| crossing over 交换 | | |
| cystathioninuria 胱硫醚尿症 | | |
| cystic fibrosis 囊性纤维性变 | | |
| cytochrome P-450 细胞色素P-450 | | |
| cytogenetics 细胞遗传学 | | |
| cytological map 细胞学图 | | |
| cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 | | |
| cytoplast 胞质体 | | |
D | | |
| degradative plasmid 降解质粒 | | |
| delayed dominance 延迟显性 | | |
| deletion 缺失 | | |
| Denver system 丹佛体制 | | |
| derivative chromosome 衍生染色体 | | |
| dermatoglyphics 皮纹学 | | |
| derepression mutant 消阻遏突变型 | | |
| 17,20-desmolase 17,20-碳链(裂解)酶 | | |
| determinant 定子 | | |
| developmental genetics 发生遗传学 | | |
| α-D-galactosyl transferase α-D-半乳糖转移酶 | | |
| diakinesis 终变期 | | |
| dibucaine number 地布卡因值 | | |
| dicentric chromosome 双着丝粒染色体 | | |
| dictyotene stage 核网期 | | |
| diploid 二倍体 | | |
| diploidy 二倍型 | | |
| diplotene stage 双线期 | | |
| direct duplication 顺向重复 | | |
| direct insertion 顺向插入 | | |
| directional selection 定向性选择 | | |
| disruptive selection 分裂式选择 | | |
| DNA ligase DNA 连接酶 | | |
| DNA terminal transferase DNA末端转移酶 | | |
| DNA unwinding enzyme DNA解旋酶 | | |
| dominant gene 显性基因 | | |
| dominant lethal mutation 显性致死突变 | | |
| dominant visible mutation 显性可见突变 | | |
| dosage compensation 剂量补偿 | | |
| dosage effect 剂量效应 | | |
| doubling dose 加倍剂量 | | |
| drug-sensitive hemoglobin 药物敏感性血红蛋白 | | |
| dyad 二联体 | | |
E | | |
| ecogenetics 生态遗传学 | | |
| ecological niches 小生境 | | |
| enchancer 加强基因 | | |
| endocytosis 内吞 | | |
| endoreduplication 核内复制 | | |
| endosymbiont 内共生体 | | |
| enzyme polymorphism 酶多态 | | |
| enzyme variant 酶变型 | | |
| episome 附加体(游离基因) | | |
| erythrocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nucleo- | | |
| sidase 红细胞烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸核苷酶 | | |
| esterase D 酯酶D | | |
| euchromatin 常染色质 | | |
| eugenics 优生学 | | |
| euploid 整倍体 | | |
| euphenics 优形学 | | |
| euthenics 优境学 | | |
| evolutionary cytogenetics 进化细胞遗传学 | | |
| evolutionary load 进化负荷 | | |
| exchage hypothesis 互换假说 | | |
| excision insertion 切割插入 | | |
| expressivity 表现度 | | |
| extrachromosomel inheritance 染色体外遗传 | | |
| extranuclear inheritance 核外遗传 | | |
| exon 外显子 | | |
| extron 外显子 | | |
F | | |
| F body 荧光小体 | | |
| familial neutropenia 家族性中性粒细胞减少症 | | |
| familial polyposis coli 家族性结肠息肉症 | | |
| facultative heterochromatin 兼性异染色质 | | |
| feedback inhibition 反馈抑制 | | |
| fertility plasmid 致育质粒 | | |
finger-p inting 指纹;指纹法 | | |
| first degree relatives 一级亲属 | | |
f tness 适应度 | | |
| fluoride number 氟化物值 | | |
| flush end 平端 | | |
| forward mutation 正向突变 | | |
| four-break rearrangement 四断重排 | | |
| frame shift 移码 | | |
| frame shift mutation 移码突变 | | |
| framwork gene 支架基因 | | |
| fusion gene 融合基因 | | |
| fusion cell 融合细胞 | | |
| fusion chain 融合链 | | |
G | | |
| G-banding G显带 | | |
| galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase 半乳糖-1-磷酸转尿苷酰酶 | | |
| galactosemia 半乳糖血症 | | |
| gemmule 微芽 | | |
| gene 基因 | | |
| gene action 基因作用 | | |
| gene amplification 基因扩增 | | |
| gene assignment 基因定位 | | |
| gene coloning 基因克隆增殖 | | |
| gene engineering 基因工程 | | |
| gene expression 基因表达 | | |
| gene frequence 基因频率 | | |
| gene manipulation 基因操作 | | |
| gene map 基因图 | | |
| gene mapping 基因制图 | | |
| gene mutation 基因突变 | | |
| gene pool (gene bank, gene library) 基因库 | | |
| gene segment 基因节段 | | |
| generalized transduction 普遍性转导 | | |
| genetic backgroud 遗传背景 | | |
| genetic counseling 遗传谘询 | | |
| genetic diversity 遗传差异性 | | |
| genetic dose 遗传剂量 | | |
| genetic drift 遗传漂变 | | |
| genetic effect 遗传效应(辐射的) | | |
| genetic engineering 遗传工程 | | |
| genetic epidermiology 遗传流行病学 | | |
| genetic information 遗传信息 | | |
| genetic load 遗传负荷 | | |
| genetic map 遗传图 | | |
| genetic marker 遗传标记 | | |
| genetic polymorphism 遗传多态 | | |
| genetic register 遗传病登记 | | |
| genetic variation 遗传差异,遗传性变异 | | |
| genome 基因组;染色体组 | | |
| genotype 基因型 | | |
| geographic polymorphism 地理多态 | | |
| germ line theory 种系学说 | | |
| germplasm 种质 | | |
| giant chromosome 巨染色体 | | |
| glucagon 胰高血糖素 | | |
| glucocerebrosidase 葡糖脑苷脂酶 | | |
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶 | | |
| glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency 葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症 | | |
| glucuronyl transferase 葡糖醛酸基转移酶 | | |
| glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase 谷草转氨酶 | | |
| glutamic-pyruvic transaminase 谷丙转氨酶 | | |
| glutathione peroxidase 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 | | |
| glutathione reductase 谷胱甘肽还原酶 | | |
| gonadal dose 性腺剂量 | | |
| graft versus host disease 移植物抗宿主病 | | |
H | | |
| H-2 antigen H-2抗原 | | |
| H-2 restriction H-2限制 | | |
| haemoglobin 血红蛋白 | | |
| haploid 单倍体 | | |
| haploidy 单倍型 | | |
| haptoglobin 结合珠蛋白 | | |
| Hardy-Weinberg law 遗传平衡定律 | | |
| Hb Barts hydrops fetalis syndrome 血红蛋白Bart胎儿水肿综合征 | | |
| hemagglutination inhibition test 血凝抑制试验 | | |
| hemizygote 半合体 | | |
| hemoglobinopathy 血红蛋白病 | | |
| hereditary immunodeficiency disease 遗传性免疫缺陷病 | | |
| hereditary spherocytosis 遗传性球形红细胞症 | | |
| hereditary well-being 遗传健康 | | |
| heritability 遗传力 | | |
heterch omatin 异染色质 | | |
| heteroduplex 杂种双链,异质双链 | | |
| heterogametic sex 异配性别 | | |
| heterogeneity 异质性 | | |
| heterogenote 杂基因子, 异基因细胞 | | |
| heterosis 杂种优势 | | |
| heterozygote 杂合体 | | |
| high frequency recombination 高频重组 | | |
| highly repetitive DNA 高度重复的DNA | | |
| high resolution chromosome banding 高分辨染色体显带 | | |
| high variable gene segment 高变基因节段 | | |
| histocompatibility antigen 组织相容性抗原 | | |
| holandric inheritance 限男性遗传 | | |
| homoallele 同型等位基因 | | |
| homocystinuria 同型胱氨酸尿症, 高胱氨酸尿症 | | |
| homogametic sex 同配性别 | | |
| homologous chromosome 同源染色体 | | |
| homologous chromosome exchange 同源染色体交换 | | |
| homopolynucleotide 同聚核苷酸,均聚核苷酸 | | |
| homopolymer tail 同聚尾,均聚尾 | | |
| homopolymer tailing 同聚尾形成 | | |
| homozygote 纯合体 | | |
| humped curve 峰形曲线 | | |
| hybrid arrested translation 杂种抑制转译 | | |
| hybrid cell 杂种细胞 | | |
| hybridization in situ 原位杂交 | | |
| hybridoma 杂交瘤 | | |
| hybrid vigor 杂种优势 | | |
| hycanthone 海蒽酮 | | |
| hydrometrocolpos 子宫阴道积水症 | | |
| hyper variable region 高变区 | | |
| hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症 | | |
| hyperchromicity 增色效应 | | |
| hyperdiploid 超二倍体 | | |
| hyperphenylalaninemia 高苯丙氨酸血症 | | |
| hypertriploid 超三倍体 | | |
| hypochromicity 减色效应 | | |
| hypodiploid 亚二倍体 | | |
| hypolactasia 低乳糖酶症 | | |
| hypotriploid 亚三倍体 | | |
I | | |
| id 遗子 | | |
| idiogram 模式核型图,染色体组型模式图 | | |
| idiosyncrasy 特应性 | | |
| idiotype 独特型 | | |
| immigration 移居 | | |
| immune antibody 免疫抗体 | | |
| immune response gene 免疫反应基因 | | |
| immune response-associated gene 免疫反应相关基因 | | |
| immunogenetics 免疫遗传学 | | |
| immunodeficiency with short-limbed dwarfism 软骨发育不全免疫缺乏症 | | |
| immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白 | | |
| immunoglobulin deficiency with increased IgM 免疫球蛋白缺乏伴IgM增高 | | |
| in situ hybridization 原位杂交 | | |
| in vitro packaging 体外包装 | | |
| inactive-X hypothesis 失活X假说 | | |
| inbreeding 近亲结婚 | | |
| inbreeding coefficient 近婚系数 | | |
| inbreeding load 近婚负荷 | | |
| inborn errors of metabolism 先天性代谢缺陷 | | |
| incompatibility 不相合性 | | |
| incompatibility load 不相合性负荷 | | |
| incomplete antibody 不完全抗体 | | |
| incomplete linkage 不完全连锁 | | |
| incontinentia pigmenti 色素失调症 | | |
| index case 索引病例 | | |
| inducing tumor plasmid 致瘤质粒 | | |
| infantile agammaglobulinemia 婴儿型无丙种球蛋白血症 | | |
| inheritance 遗传 | | |
| initiator codon 起译密码子,起始密码子 | | |
| initiation complex 起始复合物 | | |
| input load 输入负荷 | | |
| insertion 插入 | | |
| insertional inactivation 插入失活 | | |
| insertion sequence (IS element) 插入顺序(IS因子) | | |
| insertional vector 插入型载体 | | |
| interchange 互换 | | |
| intermediate inheritance 中间型遗传 | | |
| interphase 间期 | | |
| interrupted gene 间断基因 | | |
| interrupted mating experiment 中断杂交实验 | | |
| interstitial deletion 中间缺失 | | |
| intervening sequence 间隔顺序 | | |
| intrachange 内换 | | |
| intrauterine diagnosis 宫内诊断 | | |
| intron 内含子 | | |
| inversion 反向 | | |
| inverted duplication 反向重复 | | |
| invertad insertion 反向插入 | | |
| inverted repeat 反向重复顺序 | | |
| irregular dominance 不规则显性 | | |
| isochromatid gap 等位染色单体裂隙 | | |
| isochromosome 等臂染色体 | | |
| isoenzyme 同功酶 | | |
| isolates 隔离群 | | |
| isolocus gap 等位裂隙 | | |
| isoschizomer 等切酶,异源同功酶, 同裂酶 | | |
| isorype 同种型 | | |
J | | |
| jumping gene 跳跃基因 | | |
| juvenile pernicious anemia 幼年型恶性贫血 | | |
K | | |
| kallikrein 激肽释放酶 | | |
| karyoplast 胞核体 | | |
| karyotype 核型(染色体组型) | | |
| karyotype analysis 核型分析 | | |
| Kell blood group system Kell血型系统 | | |
| 17-Ketosteroid reductase 17-酮类固醇还原酶 | | |
L | | |
| lac operon 乳糖操纵子 | | |
| lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶 | | |
| late replication 晚复制,迟复制 | | |
| lateral element 侧体 | | |
| lateral gene duplication 侧位基因重复 | | |
| law of independent assortment 自由组合律 | | |
| law of segregation 分离律 | | |
| leader 引子 | | |
| leptotene stage 细线期 | | |
| Lesch-Nyhan syndrome 自毁容貌综合征 | | |
| lethal equivalent 致死相当量 | | |
| lethal gene 致死基因 | | |
| leukoagglutinin 白细胞凝集素 | | |
| leukocyte antigen 白细胞抗原 | | |
| liability 易感性 | | |
| Limnaea pergra 椎实螺 | | |
| linkage 连锁 | | |
| linkage disequilibrium 连锁不平衡 | | |
| linkage group 连锁群 | | |
| linkage map 连锁图 | | |
| linked gene 连锁基因 | | |
| linker 接头;连接区 | | |
| liver acyl-transferase 肝乙酰转移酶 | | |
| locus 位点 | | |
| lymphocyte activating determinant 淋巴细胞激活决定簇 | | |
| lyphoblastoid 淋巴样母细胞 | | |
| lucanthone 陆蒽酮 | | |
M | | |
| macrosatellite 大随体 | | |
| major gene 主要基因 | | |
| major histocompatibility complex 主要组织相容性复合体 | | |
malignant hyperthe mia 恶性高热 | | |
| maple syrup urine disease 槭糖尿症 | | |
| malic dehydrogenase 苹果酸脱氢酶 | | |
| marker chromosome 标记染色体 | | |
| maternal in fluence 母体影响 | | |
| maximum permissible dose 最大允许剂量 | | |
| medial complex 中体 | | |
| medical genetics 医学遗传学 | | |
| meiosis 减数分裂 | | |
| Mendelian factor 孟德尔式因子 | | |
| Mendelian inheritance 孟德尔式遗传 | | |
| Mendelian population 孟德尔式群体 | | |
| metabolite depletion 代谢物减缺 | | |
| metacentric chromosome 中央着丝粒染色体 | | |
| metaphase 中期 | | |
| metaphase chromosome 中期染色体 | | |
| methylenomycin A 次甲基霉素A | | |
| methylmalonicaciduria 甲基丙二酸尿症 | | |
| metrical character 度量性状 | | |
| Mibelli porokeratosis Mibelli汗孔角化症 | | |
| microbial genetics 微生物遗传学 | | |
| microcell 微细胞 | | |
| micronucleus 微核 | | |
| microsatellite 小随体 | | |
| microtubule 微管 | | |
| middle repetitive DNA 中等重复的DNA | | |
| mini chromosome 微染色体 | | |
| minicell 微型细胞 | | |
| minor gene 微效基因 | | |
| minute body 微小体 | | |
| misaligment 错配 | | |
| missense codon 错义密码 | | |
| mitosis 有丝分裂 | | |
| mixed lymphocyte culture 混合淋巴细胞培养 | | |
| MNSs blood group system MNSs血型系统 | | |
| mobile element 流动因子 | | |
| modification 修饰 | | |
| modifier (gene) 修饰基因 | | |
| modifying gene 修饰基因 | | |
| molecular cloning 分子克隆增殖 | | |
| molecular disease 分子病 | | |
| molecular hybridization 分子杂交 | | |
| monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体 | | |
| monogenic inheritance 单基因遗传 | | |
| mono-oxygenase 单加氧酶 | | |
| monoploid 单倍体 | | |
| monosomy 单体性 | | |
| Morgan unit (M or mo) 摩尔根单位 | | |
| mosaic 嵌合体 | | |
| Mullerian-inhibiting hormone 副中肾管抑制激素 | | |
| multifactoral inheritance 多因子遗传 | | |
| multiple alleles 复等位基因 | | |
| multiple endocrine adenopathy 多发性内分泌腺病 | | |
| mutagen 诱变剂 | | |
| mutant 突变型 | | |
| mutant enzyme 突变酶 | | |
| mutant gene 突变基因 | | |
| mutation 突变 | | |
| mutational load 突变负荷 | | |
| mutation rate 突变率 | | |
| muton 突变子 | | |
| myeloperoxidase deficiency 髓过氧化物酶缺乏症 | | |
| myotonic dystrophy 肌强直性营养不良 | | |
N | | |
| N-acetylgalactosamine N-乙酰半乳糖胺 | | |
| α-N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase α-N-乙酰半乳糖胺转移酶 | | |
| natural antibody 天然抗体 | | |
| near diploid 近二倍体 | | |
| near triploid 近三倍体 | | |
| negative control 负控制 | | |
| negative eugencis 负(消极的)优生学 | | |
| negative heteropycnosis 负异固缩 | | |
| neo-centromere 新着丝粒 | | |
| Neurospra crassa 粗糙链孢霉 | | |
| nick 缺口 | | |
| nick translation 缺口转译 | | |
| nitrazepam 硝基安定 | | |
| non-disjunction 不分开 | | |
| non-histone chromosomal protein 非组蛋白性染色体蛋白质 | | |
| non-homologous chromosome 非同源染色体 | | |
| non-repetitive DNA 非重复性DNA | | |
| non-secretor 非分泌型 | | |
| nonsense codon 无义密码 | | |
| Nor-banding Nor显带,核仁组织者区显带 | | |
| norm of reaction 反应规范 | | |
no triptyline 去甲替林 | | |
| nuclear sex 核性别 | | |
| nucleosome 核小体 | | |
| nucleolus organizer region 核仁组织者区 | | |
O | | |
| Oenothera lamarckiana 月见草(待宵草) | | |
| operator 操纵基因 | | |
| operator (gene) mutation 操纵基因突变 | | |
| operon 操纵子 | | |
| operon theory 操纵子学说 | | |
| organelle 细胞器 | | |
| origin of replication 复制起始点 | | |
| overdominance 超显性 | | |
| overdominance load 超显性负荷 | | |
| overlapping genes 重叠基因 | | |
P | | |
| P blood group system P血型系统 | | |
| pachytene stage 粗线期 | | |
| palindromic sequence 回文式顺序 | | |
| pancreatic amylase 胰腺淀粉酶 | | |
| paracentric inversion 臂内倒位 | | |
| parasexual reproduction 准性生殖 | | |
| partial(incomplete) dominance 不完全显性 | | |
| pedigree 系谱 | | |
| pedigree analysis 系谱分析 | | |
| penetrance 外显率 | | |
| pepsinogen 胃蛋白酶原 | | |
| peptidase A(dipeptidase) 肽酶A(二肽酶) | | |
| peptidase C 肽酶C | | |
| peptidase D (prolidase) 肽酶D(氨酰基脯氨酸(二肽)酶) | | |
| pericentric inversion 臂间倒位 | | |
| phagocytic dysfunction 吞噬功能缺乏 | | |
| pharmacogenetics 药物遗传学 | | |
| pharmacologic individuality 药理学个性 | | |
| phenelzine 苯乙肼 | | |
| phenotype 表型 | | |
| phenotype lag 表型迟延 | | |
| phenylketonuria 苯丙酮尿症 | | |
phenylthioca bamide 苯硫脲 | | |
| phosphoglucomutase 磷酸葡糖变位酶 | | |
| phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 磷酸葡糖酸脱氢酶 | | |
| placental alkline phosphatase 胎盘碱性磷酸酶 | | |
| plasma protein disease 血浆蛋白病 | | |
| plamid 质粒 | | |
| plasmin 血纤维蛋白溶酶 | | |
| pleiotropy 多效性 | | |
| PNP deficiency 嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶(PNP)缺乏症 | | |
| point mutation 点突变 | | |
| polar mutation 极性突变 | | |
| polyethylene glycol 聚乙二醇 | | |
| polygene 多基因 | | |
| polygenic inheritance 多基因遗传 | | |
| population 群体 | | |
| population cytogenetics 群体细胞遗传学 | | |
| population genetics 群体遗传学 | | |
| positive control 正控制 | | |
| positive eugenics 正(积极的)优生学 | | |
| positive heteropycnosis 正异固缩 | | |
| post-transctiptional control 转录后的调控 | | |
| post-transcription processing 转录后加工 | | |
| premature chromosome condensation 染色体提前凝缩 | | |
| premeiosis 前减数分裂期 | | |
| prenatal diagnosis 产前诊断 | | |
| preproparathyroid hormone 前甲状旁腺素原 | | |
| pre-T cell 前T细胞 | | |
| pre-transcriptional control 转录前的调控 | | |
| preventive eugenics 预防性优生学 | | |
| primary constriction 主缢痕 | | |
| primary immunodeficiency 原发性免疫缺乏病 | | |
| primase 引物酶 | | |
| primer 引物 | | |
| private specificity 私有特异性 | | |
| proband 先证者 | | |
| probe 探针 | | |
| progressive eugenics 演进性优生学 | | |
| promotor 启动区;启动基因 | | |
| proparathyroid hormone 甲状旁腺素原 | | |
| λ prophage λ原噬菌体 | | |
| prophase 前期 | | |
| propionicaciduria 丙酸尿症 | | |
| protein polymorphism 蛋白质多态 | | |
| prototroph 原养型 | | |
| pseudodiploid 假二倍体 | | |
| pseudoidiopathic hypoparathyroidism 假性特发性甲状旁腺功能减退症 | | |
| Pseudomonas 假单孢杆菌 | | |
| pseudotriploid 假三倍体 | | |
| public specificity 公共特异性 | | |
| pulverization 粉碎 | | |
| pure line 纯系 | | |
Q | | |
| Q-banding Q显带 | | |
| quadriradial 四射体 | | |
| qualitative character 质量性状 | | |
| quantitative character 数量性状 | | |
R | | |
| R plasmid 抗药性质粒,抗性质粒 | | |
| R-banding R显带 | | |
| radiation genetics 辐射遗传学 | | |
| reading frame 解读框架 | | |
| recessive gene 隐性基因 | | |
| recessive lethal mutation 隐性致死突变 | | |
| reciprocal crosses 正反交 | | |
| reciprocal translocation 相互易位 | | |
| recognition site 识别部位 | | |
| recombinant DNA technique 重组DNA技术 | | |
| recombination 重组 | | |
| recon 重组子 | | |
| recurrence risk 再现风险 | | |
| red cell acid phosphatase 红细胞酸性磷酸酶 | | |
| reducer 减弱基因 | | |
| regional mapping 划区制图法 | | |
| regulator gene 调节基因 | | |
| regulator (gene) mutation 调节基因突变 | | |
| regulon 调节子 | | |
| rejection 排斥 | | |
| rejoin 重接 | | |
| relative risk 相对风险 | | |
| relaxed plasmid 松弛质粒 | | |
| relaxed type 松弛型 | | |
| replacement vector 取代型载体 | | |
| replication fork 复制又 | | |
| replication unit 复制单位 | | |
| replicon 复制子 | | |
| renatutation 复性 | | |
| repressor protein 阻遏蛋白 | | |
| repetitive DNA 重复性DNA | | |
| resistance factor 抗药性因子 | | |
| resistance transfer factor 抗性转移因子 | | |
| restitution 愈合 | | |
| restricted transduction 局限性转导 | | |
| restriction endonuclease 限制性核酸内切酶 | | |
| restriction enzyme 限制酶 | | |
| retinoblastoma 成视网膜细胞瘤 | | |
| reverse mutation 回复突变 | | |
| reverse transcriptase 反向转录酶 | | |
| reverse transcription 反向转录 | | |
| Rh blood group system Rh血型系统 | | |
| Rhizobium leguminosarum 豌豆根瘤菌 | | |
| ribosome 核糖体,核蛋白体 | | |
| ring chromosome 环形染色体 | | |
| risk 风险 | | |
| R-loop mapping R-环图谱 | | |
| RNA splicing RNA拼接 | | |
| robertsonian translocation 罗伯逊易位 | | |
S | | |
| samesense codon 同义密码 | | |
| satellite 随体 | | |
| satellite DNA 卫星DNA | | |
| satellite region 随体区 | | |
| screening 筛选 | | |
| second degree relatives 二级亲属 | | |
| secondary constriction 副缢痕 | | |
| secretor 分泌型 | | |
| segregational load 分离负荷 | | |
| segregational petite 分离性小菌落 | | |
| selection 选择 | | |
| selection coefficient 选择系数 | | |
| selection pressure 选择压力 | | |
| selective theory 选择学说 | | |
| selfing 自交 | | |
| semiconservative replication 半保留复制 | | |
| semidominance 半显性 | | |
| semi-sterility 半不育 | | |
| serum α1-acid glycoprotein 血清α1酸性糖蛋白 | | |
| serum α-anti-trypsin 血清α-抗胰蛋白酶 | | |
| serum choline esterase 血清胆碱酯酶 | | |
| serum α-globulin 血清α-球蛋白 | | |
| serum α2-macroglobulin 血清α2-巨球蛋白 | | |
| serum serologic (protein) 血清蛋白质 | | |
| severe combined immunodeficiency with B cells 严重混合型免疫缺乏病伴B细胞缺乏 | | |
| severe combined immunodeficiency with reticular dysgenesis 严重混合型免疫缺乏病伴网状组织异常 | | |
| sex chromatin 性染色质 | | |
| sex chromosome 性染色体 | | |
| sex-conditioned (influenced) dominance 从性显性 | | |
| sex controlled characters 性控性状 | | |
| sex-controlled dominance 性控显性 | | |
| sex-influenced (sex-conditioned) characters 从性性状 | | |
| sex determination 性别决定 | | |
| sex-limited characters 限性性状 | | |
| sex-limited inheritance 限性遗传 | | |
| sex-linkage 性连锁 | | |
| sex-linked inheritance 性连锁遗传 | | |
| sex pili 性菌毛 | | |
| sex ratio factor 性比因子 | | |
| sexual selection 性选择 | | |
| shot gun experiment 鸟枪散射弹法试验 | | |
| sickle cell anaemia 镰形细胞贫血症 | | |
| simian line 猿线 | | |
| sister chromatid 姊妹染色单体 | | |
| sister chromatid exchange 姊妹染色单体交换 | | |
| sister chromosome 姊妹染色体 | | |
| single base substitution 单个碱基替代 | | |
| skipped generations 越代 | | |
| slow acetylation 慢乙酰化 | | |
| solenoid 螺线管 | | |
| soma 体质 | | |
| somatic cell fusion 体细胞融合 | | |
| somatic (cell) genetics 体细胞遗传学 | | |
| somatic cell hybridization 体细胞杂交 | | |
| somatic effect 躯体效应(辐射的) | | |
| somatic mutation theory 体细胞突变学说 | | |
| somatomedin 生长介素 | | |
| spacer 间隔顺序 | | |
| sparteine 金雀花碱 | | |
| specific locus mutation 特定位点突变 | | |
| spindle 纺锤体 | | |
| spirochete 螺旋体 | | |
| split gene 间断基因 | | |
| stabilizing selection 稳定性选择 | | |
| start codon 起译密码子 | | |
| stem cell developmental defect 干细胞发育缺陷 | | |
| stem-line 干系 | | |
| stop codon 终止密码子 | | |
| Streptomyces coelicolor 天蓝色链霉菌 | | |
| Streptomyces scabies 马铃薯疱痂链霉菌 | | |
| stringent plasmid 严紧型质粒 | | |
| stringent type 严紧型 | | |
| structural gene 结构基因 | | |
| structural gene mutation 结构基因突变 | | |
| sub-gene 亚基因 | | |
| sub-line 亚系 | | |
submetacentric ch omosome 亚中着丝粒染色体 | | |
| subspecificity 亚型特异性 | | |
| substitutional load 替换负荷 | | |
| substrate accumulation 底物积聚 | | |
| supergene 超基因 | | |
| supersolenoid 超螺线管 | | |
supe specificity 超型特异性 | | |
| suxamethorium sensitivity 琥珀酰胆碱敏感症 | | |
| “Swiss type” severe combined immunodeficiency “瑞士型”严重混合型免疫缺乏病 | | |
| synapsis (syndesis) 联会 | | |
| synaptonemal complex 联会复合体 | | |
| synphalangism 指(趾)关节粘连症 | | |
| synteny test 同线法 | | |
| synthetic gene 人工合成基因 | | |
T | | |
| T-banding T显带 | | |
| T cell developmental defect T细胞发育缺陷 | | |
| tandem duplicate 衔接重复 | | |
| telocentric chromosome 端着丝点染色体 | | |
| telomere 端粒 | | |
| template hypothesis 模板假说 | | |
| telophase 末期 | | |
| terminal deletion 末端缺失 | | |
| terminal rearrangement 末端重排 | | |
| terminal transferase 末端转移酶 | | |
| terminator codon mutation 终止密码子突变 | | |
| test cross 测交 | | |
| tester stock 测交原种 | | |
| tetrad 四联体 | | |
| tetraploid 四倍体 | | |
| tetrasomy 四体性 | | |
| αthalass(a)emia α海洋性贫血 | | |
| β-thalass(a)emia β海洋性贫血 | | |
| thalassemia syndrome 海洋性贫血综合征 | | |
| the arm numbers hypothesis 臂数假说 | | |
| third degree relatives 三级亲属 | | |
| threshold 阈 | | |
| threshold character 阈性状 | | |
| tissue matching 组织配型 | | |
| totopotency 全能性 | | |
| transducing phage 转导噬菌体 | | |
| transduction 转导 | | |
| transfection 转染 | | |
| transferrin 铁传递蛋白 | | |
| transformant 转化体 | | |
| transformation 转化 | | |
| transition 转换 | | |
| translocation 易位 | | |
| translocon 易位子 | | |
| transposable element 转座因子 | | |
| transposition 转座;单方易位 | | |
| transposon 转座子 | | |
| transversion 颠换 | | |
| triplet codon 三联体密码子 | | |
| triploid 三倍体 | | |
| triradial 三射体 | | |
| trisomy 三体性 | | |
| tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子 | | |
| tuftsin 吞噬作用激素 | | |
| tumor inducing plasmid 致瘤质粒 | | |
| Turner syndrome 性腺发育不全综合征 | | |
| tyramine 酪胺 | | |
| “two-hit” theory of carcinogensis 二次打击假说 | | |
| two-mutation hypothesis 二次突变假说 | | |
U | | |
| ultimate carcinogen 最终致癌物 | | |
| unequal crossing over 不等交换 | | |
| uridine monophosphate kinase 尿苷单磷酸激酶 | | |
V | | |
| variant 变型;变异体 | | |
| variation 变异 | | |
| vector 载体 | | |
| vechicle 载体 | | |
| vegetative petite 营养性小菌落 | | |
W | | |
| Warfarin resistance 华法令抗性 | | |
| weighted mean 加权平均 | | |
| whole-arm translocation 整臂易位 | | |
| Wilm’s tumor 肾胚胎瘤 | | |
X | | |
| X body X小体 | | |
| X chromatin X染色质 | | |
| xerodetma pigmentosum 着色性干皮症 | | |
| Xg blood group system Xg血型系统 | | |
| X-linked dominant inheritance X连锁显性遗传 | | |
| X-liked recessive inheritance X连锁隐性遗传 | | |
| XX-XY system XX-XY系统 | | |
Y | | |
| Y body Y小体 | | |
| Y chromatin Y染色质 | | |
| yeast plasmid 酵母质粒 | | |
Y-linked inhe itance Y连锁遗传 | | |
Z | | |
| Zinsset-Cole-Engman syndrome 先天性毛囊角化不全 | | |
| zygotene stage 偶线期 | | |