hard

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【释义】：

a．❶ 硬的，坚固的，(身体)结实的：hard currency硬币．a hard stone硬石．hard seats硬席．as hard as rock坚如磐石．Regular physical exercises soon made the boys hard．经常的体育锻炼很快地使孩子们的身体结实起来．a hard nut to crack难解决的问题．as hard as nails 1)结实，强健．2)【喻】无感情的，硬心肠的．❷ 难的，困难的：a hard language一种难学的语言．a book full of hard words有许多难词的书．It is hard for us to make a conclusion．我们难以下结论．❸ 艰苦的，苦难的，刻苦的：have a hard time辛苦度日．hard times(市面)不景气，萧条．This question requires hard thinking．这问题费解．❹ 严厉的，无情的，刻薄的：a hard father严父．be hard on(or upon)sb．待人苛刻，对人要求过严．hard words粗暴的话．❺ 强烈的，猛烈的，沉重的：a hard blow沉重的打击．a hard winter严冬．a hard spell of coughing猛咳一阵．

△hard and fust固定的，不变的．hard and fast rules一成不变的规章．hard lines苦境，难事．

－ad．❶ 硬，牢：hold hard 握牢．The river froze hard．河封冻了．❷ 困难地，困苦地：This cork draws hard．瓶塞难拔．It will go hard with you if you don’t make a confession．如果你不坦白，就会对你不利．be hard put to it感到为难．be hard up【口语】没有钱．be hard up for缺少：be hard up for ideas缺少主意．❸ 努力地，用力地：think hard 苦思苦想．We must study Chairman Mao’s works hard．我们要努力学习毛主席著作．❹ 强烈地，猛烈地，沉重地：strike the enemy hard 沉重地打击敌人．The wind is blowing hard．狂风怒吼．be hard hit受到沉重打击．❺ 紧接，迫近：run sb．hard 紧追某人．hard by附近：The hotel stands hard by the station．旅馆在火车站附近．hard upon接近：He is hard upon sixty．他快六十岁了．